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                        <h1 class="single-title flipInX">纹理表示(Texture)</h1><div class="post-meta summary-post-meta"><span class="post-category meta-item">
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  <ul>
    <li><a href="#纹理描述">纹理描述</a></li>
    <li><a href="#滤波器组">滤波器组</a></li>
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                    </div><p>纹理是由一些基元以某种方式组合起来，虽然看起来很“乱”，但任然存在一些规律</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726111125370.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726111125370.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
<p>规则的纹理与不规则的纹理</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726111644948.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726111644948.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
<h2 id="纹理描述" class="headerLink"><a href="#%e7%ba%b9%e7%90%86%e6%8f%8f%e8%bf%b0" class="header-mark"></a>纹理描述</h2><ol>
<li>
<p>使用高斯偏导核，对图像进行卷积，x方向的偏导得到的是竖直纹理，y方向的偏导得到的是水平纹理</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>统计各个方向的纹理数量，在图中表示出来，不同的区域映射的是不同的纹理特性</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>如下图所示进行<strong>K均值聚类</strong></p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726112808342.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726112808342.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>距离显示了窗口a的纹理和窗口b的纹理有多么不同。</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726114915709.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726114915709.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
<p><strong>对于区块核大小的选择</strong>
在图像中往往不知道选取多大的高斯偏导核来对图像进行描述</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726120305443.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726120305443.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
<p>通过寻找纹理描述不变的窗口比例来进行比例选择，由小到大不断改变窗口的大小，直至增大的窗口纹理特性不再改变</p>
<h2 id="滤波器组" class="headerLink"><a href="#%e6%bb%a4%e6%b3%a2%e5%99%a8%e7%bb%84" class="header-mark"></a>滤波器组</h2><ol>
<li>
<p>可以描述不同方向，不同类型（边状，条状，点）的纹理特性</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726121248438.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726121248438.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>通过设置斜方差矩阵$\Sigma$，改变高斯核的形状</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726121818902.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726121818902.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>利用不同的核卷积图像</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726122741610.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726122741610.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>将响应结果与纹理匹配</p>
<p>将对应卷积核的响应结果求均值，所得的结果组成一个7维向量，每个向量对应一个纹理</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726123312631.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726123312631.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>使用更高维的向量描述</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726124508865.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726124508865.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726152207229.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726152207229.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
<li>
<p>纹理检索与分类
实际运用过程中，将采取的纹理与数据库中的纹理进行对比</p>
<p>




<figure class="render-image"><a target="_blank" href="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726153104806.png" title=" " >
        <img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
             class="render-image"
             src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20200726153104806.png"
            alt=" "
        />
    </a><figcaption class="image-caption"> </figcaption>
</figure></p>
</li>
</ol>
<p><strong>学习资源：<a href="https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1nz4y197Qv" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreffer">北京邮电大学计算机视觉——鲁鹏</a></strong></p>
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